- Title
- Interleukin-22 in urinary tract disease - new experimental directions
- Creator
- Ingersoll, Molly A.; Starkey, Malcolm R.
- Relation
- Clinical & Translational Immunology Vol. 9, Issue 6, no. e1143
- Publisher Link
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cti2.1143
- Publisher
- Wiley & Sons
- Resource Type
- journal article
- Date
- 2020
- Description
- Interleukin (IL)-22 is expressed by immune cells in the urinary tract and IL-22 receptor is expressed in urothelium and renal tubule cells. IL-22 can be specifically targeted in the urinary tract or conditionally depleted in mice and targeted therapeutically in humans. Interleukin (IL)-22 is a cytokine produced by immune cells with bimodal functionality depending on the tissue it is expressed in and the context of its expression. IL-22 has antimicrobial properties and can limit bacterial infections but also drive pro-inflammatory responses that may have deleterious consequences for disease progression. Conversely, IL-22 can also promote epithelial cell repair, regeneration and restoration of mucosal barrier function. IL-22 may also alter the microbiota, which has broad implications for the maintenance of homeostasis at mucosal surfaces colonised by commensal microorganisms, such as the gastrointestinal or the urinary tract. A critical limitation in the exploration of IL-22 function, at sites such as in the urinary tract, is a lack of appropriate experimental tools. Studies using newly available, genetically modified reporter mice have led to the identification of the cellular source and location of IL-22, while Cre-lox expressing transgenic mice permit specific targeting of IL-22 in the urinary tract. With a greater understanding of the role of IL-22 in the urinary tract, repurposing of emerging novel human immunotherapies that either inhibit or activate IL-22 may create new opportunities for the treatment of urinary tract diseases.
- Subject
- interleukin-22; immune cells; urinary tract; humans; mice
- Identifier
- http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1436809
- Identifier
- uon:40146
- Identifier
- ISSN:2050-0068
- Language
- eng
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